EUPHORBIA LAMPROCARPA NEW MONOMERIC ELLAGOTANNIN

Abstract

Euphorbia is an ancient folk medicine. The scientific name of milkweed is Euphorbia, given in honor of Euphorbus, the court physician of the Numidian king Juba (in 54 BC), who was the first to use the medicinal properties of milkweed. All types of milkweed contain milky juice, resin, and rubber. Although the chemical composition of milkweeds has not been sufficiently studied, it is known that the main active component of the milky juice is euphorbon, the amount of which is about 22%, in addition, about 38% amorphous gum, up to 18% gum and about 10% mineral salts. Other chemical compounds in the composition of milkweeds include alkaloids, flavonoids and coumarins. Ellagitannins are a group of polyphenolic compounds of plant origin, rich in ellagic and gallic acids. Ellagitannins have a wide range of action. It is ellagitannins that protect against the effects of various microbes, bacteria, and parasites. A new monomeric ellagitannin, lamprocarpine, has been isolated from the root part of Euphorbia Lamprocarpa (light-fruited spurge), the structure of which, based on chemical transformations and spectral data, has been established as 1-O-galloyl-2,4-dehydrogalloyl-3,6-hexahydroxydiphenol-β-D-glucopyranose.