MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ENGLISH BORROWED VOCABULARY IN RUSSIAN AND KARAKALPAK

Abstract

The article analyzes the morphological and word-formation structure of Anglicisms in the Russian and Karakalpak languages, drawing on contemporary linguistic approaches. The study identifies specific features of the adaptation of borrowed vocabulary within the fusional system of Russian and the agglutinative system of Karakalpak, which makes it possible to trace the integration of foreign lexical units at different linguistic levels. Particular attention is paid to derivational mechanisms, types of affixations, and comparative word-formation models used in the recipient languages. The author examines how English borrowings are not only incorporated into the lexical system but also acquire new grammatical forms, semantic nuances, and functional meanings through the use of suffixes and word-formation devices of the receiving languages. The analysis demonstrates that Russian активно employs complex suffixal-prefixal and word-formation models, which contribute to a high degree of morphological adaptation of borrowings. At the same time, Karakalpak predominantly relies on a morphological method of word formation based on the attachment of native affixes or the use of analytical constructions. The study also emphasizes the significant role of mass media, internet communication, and the digital environment in the active expansion of the vocabulary of both languages from 1991 to 2023, as well as their influence on the dynamics of linguistic change and the formation of contemporary language norms.