KAZAKHSTAN IN THE EAEU ARCHITECTURE: INTEGRATION CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING SYSTEMIC BARRIERS

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state and development prospects of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) amidst global geopolitical instability and deglobalization processes. Based on systemic-structural analysis and statistical data for 2018–2025, key determinants limiting the effectiveness of integration cooperation are identified. Particular attention is paid to the profound economic asymmetry within the union, where the dominant role of the Russian Federation predestines the bloc's dependence on external shocks and sanction pressures.

The author examines five systemic challenges in detail: export commodity dependence, asymmetric interdependence of member states, risks of parallel imports, interstate disagreements, and persistent trade barriers (Article 29 of the EAEU Treaty). The study highlights the strategic role of the Republic of Kazakhstan as an innovative and transport-logistics hub facilitating the union's adaptation to new macroeconomic conditions through digital transformation and restriction monitoring. A specific emphasis is placed on the necessity of overcoming disparities in the energy sector and forming common resource markets as a fundamental condition for strengthening collective economic security. The conclusion argues for the transition to more flexible forms of interaction to enhance the sovereignty and technological modernization of member states. The practical significance of the research lies in justifying mechanisms for leveling internal disproportions to ensure the long-term sustainability of Eurasian integration.