L.N. GUMILYOV: THE ESSENCE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF HIS SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS

Abstract

The life of L.N. Gumilev, an outstanding Russian scientist and thinker of the ХХth century, is full of the most important facts. L.N. Gumilev focuses on the study of the socio-philosophical aspects of the concept of "ethnogenesis". In it, L.N. Gumilev explains the problems of the philosophy of history, which he considered fundamentally ethnic in general. L.N. Gumilev focuses on the study of the socio-philosophical aspects of the concept of "ethnogenesis". In it, L.N. Gumilev explains the problems of the philosophy of history, which he considered fundamentally ethnic in general. Refined in the context of science in the ХХth century. Lev Gumilev focused on the phenomenon of ethnos as the primary (basic) concept, aiming to reveal the essence, causes, mechanism, and stages of the process of ethnogenesis. The central idea proposed by the scientist to explain the entire process of ethnogenesis was his passionarity concept. The central idea proposed by the scientist to explain the entire process of ethnogenesis was his passionarity concept. Despite numerous obstacles and difficulties, as well as the long-term ignorance and suppression of Lev Nikolaevich's new ideas, the scientist's scientific and philosophical concepts were recognized by researchers and the wider scientific community both domestically and abroad in the post-Soviet period.

During his years in the GULAG, L.N. Gumilev brought with him several scientific articles and manuscripts of two monographs, one of which, entitled "The Ancient Turks of the YIth-YIIIth Centuries," became his doctoral dissertation in historical sciences, which he defended with honors in 1961.

His greatest contribution to scientific research was his radical innovation of the concept of the authenticity and significance of Turkic-Mongol culture. He was the first in Soviet science to criticize the then prevailing "black legend" about the Eurocentric Mongol-Tatar yoke and the eternal enmity between nomads and farmers.

On this basis, Gumilev analyzed the visual concept of the natural brotherhood of the Russian people with the Turkic and Mongolian peoples. Ultimately, the scientist's thoughts were not only close to the Eurasian current of Russian philosophical thought abroad, but also became, in fact, the last classical representative of this school.