PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN UNIVERSITIES OF KAZAKHSTAN

Abstract

This article examines the issues of development and psychological and social 
support of the inclusive education system in higher educational institutions of Kazakhstan. Since 
independence, the country has carried out several reforms in the education system and laid the legal 
and institutional foundations for inclusive education. However, despite legislative achievements, 
there are many problems with the effective implementation of inclusive practices in the education 
system. The article analyzes the importance of psychological and social support for students with 
disabilities, their impact on academic and personal development. In addition, the role of teachers in 
creating an inclusive environment, infrastructural and personnel problems of educational institutions, as well as the need to develop special programs and services were discussed. In this article, we aim to study the system of psychological and social support for inclusive education in 
universities in Kazakhstan. The article analyzes the reforms carried out in Kazakhstan for inclusive 
education, including ways to create conditions for students with disabilities and special educational 
needs, and also considers the importance of psychological and social support in educational 
institutions, its impact on the academic and personal development of students, as well as ways to improve the inclusive education system.  
This article extensively examines the issues of the development of the inclusive education 
system in higher educational institutions of Kazakhstan and its psychological and social support. After Kazakhstan gained independence, large-scale reforms were carried out in the field of 
education, the legal and institutional foundations of inclusive education were laid. These changes 
were aimed at creating equal opportunities for students with special educational needs. However, despite legislative achievements, there are still a number of obstacles to the effective implementation of inclusive practices in the education system. These barriers are caused by insufficient infrastructure and staffing of educational institutions, as well as the lack of special 
programs and services. 
The article emphasizes the importance of psychological and social support for students with special educational needs. Such support will have a positive impact on their academic performance, personal development, adaptation to society and improvement of the quality of life. At the same time, the role of teachers in creating an inclusive educational environment was discussed, and the importance of improving their skills was considered. Special attention was paid to the development of special programs and services in educational institutions, as well as the introduction of modern infrastructure and technologies. To improve the inclusive education system, it is recommended to develop a coordinated 
state policy, constant retraining of teachers, implementation of support measures that take into 
account the special needs of each student, as well as strengthening the material and technical base 
of educational institutions. The final section emphasizes that the development of inclusive 
education is an important step not only to improve the field of education, but also to promote the principles of equality, diversity and justice.