ANALYSIS OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND PHYSICAL LOCATION FISHERIES WATER BODIES FOR COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to conduct comprehensive scientific research on the fishing grounds of the Caspian Sea within the Mangistau region. The study is focused on the geographical, hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of reserve fishing areas, as well as the possibilities of their rational use for industrial fishery. Field research was carried out in 2022 at several sites in the Kazakh part of the Middle Caspian, where depth measurements, hydrochemical sampling, and biological observations were conducted. The analysis included the assessment of transparency, oxygen content, pH, and the condition of benthos and zooplankton communities. Particular attention was paid to the ecological state of water bodies, the risks of overfishing, and the depletion of valuable sturgeon species. The results obtained demonstrate that the studied reservoirs differ significantly in depth and physical conditions, which should be taken into account when planning their use for fishery purposes. The introduction of new fishing areas into economic circulation, supported by scientific justification, will enhance the sustainable development of fisheries and contribute to the socio-economic growth of the Mangistau region.