SYSTEMATIZATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENT OPERATION OF SOLAR PANELS

Abstract

This article analyzes the main climatic and environmental factors affecting the efficiency of solar panels. In particular, the wind speed and direction, relative humidity, temperature conditions and the effect of light intensity on the performance of solar systems were considered. The mechanism of influence of each factor on the energy output of solar installations is studied individually. According to scientific data, the wind flow cools the surface of the panels and improves heat transfer, which can lead to increased efficiency of their operation. However, there are cases when wind-borne dust accumulates on the surface of the panels, increasing pollution and reducing energy production. Temperature is one of the crucial parameters for solar panels: too high an ambient temperature causes a voltage drop on the panels and a decrease in the performance of photovoltaic cells. The effect of humidity is also very important. Excess moisture can accelerate the process of corrosion of the metal parts of the panels, and an acceptable humidity level allows the panel not to overheat and evenly distribute heat. The level of illumination, that is, the amount of sunlight hitting the panels, directly determines their ability to emit energy, so the area of the panels and weather conditions immediately affect the result [1]. This study highlights the importance of an integrated approach to the design and operation of solar systems in order to increase their efficiency and durability in various climatic conditions.